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Dara Shukoh (), ((ペルシア語: دارا شكوه )) M 20 March 1615 – 30 August 1659 Julian/9 September 1659 Gregorian) was the eldest son and the heir-apparent of the fifth Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. He was born at Akbar Fort, Ajmer, which is now know as 'The Magazine'. His name دارا شكوه in Persian means "as magnificent as Dara". He was favoured as a successor by his father and his sister Princess Jahanara Begum Sahib, but was defeated by his younger brother Prince Muhiuddin (later, the Emperor Aurangzeb) in a bitter struggle for the imperial throne. The course of the history of the Indian subcontinent, had Dara Shukoh prevailed over Aurangzeb, has been a matter of some conjecture among historians.〔"India was at a crossroads in the mid-seventeenth century; it had the potential of moving forward with Dara Shukoh, or of turning back to medievalism with Aurangzeb." "Poor Dara Shukoh!....thy generous heart and enlightened mind had reigned over this vast empire, and made it, perchance, the garden it deserves to be made". William Sleeman (1844), (E-text of ''Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official'' ) p.272〕〔(Dara Shikoh ) Britannica.com.〕〔(Dara Shikoh ) ''Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia'', by Josef W. Meri, Jere L Bacharach. Routledge, 2005. ISBN 0-415-96690-6. ''Page 195-196''.〕 ==Early life== Dara Shukoh was born near Ajmer on 20 March 1615, the eldest son of Prince Shahab ud-din Muhammad Khurram (Shah Jahan) and his second wife, Mumtaz Mahal. When he was 12, his grandfather, Emperor Jahangir, died, and his father succeeded as emperor. On 1 February 1633, Dara Shukoh married his first cousin, Nadira Banu Begum, the daughter of his paternal uncle Sultan Parvez Mirza. By all accounts, it was an extremely happy and successful marriage. Both Dara Shukoh and Nadira were devoted to each other, so much so that Dara Shukoh never contracted any other marriage after marrying his cousin Nadira. The couple had eight children, of whom two sons and two daughters survived to adulthood. As was common for all Mughal sons, Dara Shukoh was appointed a military commander at an early age, receiving an appointment as commander of 12,000-foot and 6,000 horse in October 1633〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=delhi6 )〕 (roughly equivalent to a modern division commander or major general). He received successive promotions, being promoted to commander of 12,000-foot and 7,000 horse on 20 March 1636, to 15,000-foot and 9,000 horse on 24 August 1637, to 10,000 horse on 19 March 1638 (roughly equivalent to lieutenant general), to 20,000-foot and 10,000 horse on 24 January 1639, and to 15,000 horse on 21 January 1642.〔 On 10 September 1642, Shah Jahan formally confirmed Dara Shukoh as his heir, granting him the title of ''Shahzada-e-Buland Iqbal'' ("Prince of High Fortune") and promoting him to command of 20,000-foot and 20,000 horse.〔 In 1645, he was appointed as ''Subadar'' (governor) of Allahabad. He was promoted to a command of 30,000-foot and 20,000 horse on 18 April 1648, and was appointed Governor of the province of Gujarat on 3 July. As his father's health began to decline, Dara Shukoh received a series of increasingly prominent commands. He was appointed Governor of Multan and Kabul on 16 August 1652, and was raised to the title of ''Shah-e-Buland Iqbal'' ("King of High Fortune") on 15 February 1655.〔 He was promoted to command of 40,000-foot and 20,000 horse (roughly equivalent to general) on 21 January 1656, and to command of 50,000-foot and 40,000 horse on 16 September 1657 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dara Shikoh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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